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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 8-K
CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Date of report (Date of earliest event reported): April 27, 2023
| (Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter) | ||||||||||||||
| (State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation) | ||||||||||||||
| (Commission File Number) | (IRS Employer Identification No.) | |||||||||||||
| (Address of Principal Executive Offices) | (Zip Code) | |||||||||||||
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (215 ) 286-1700
(Former Name or Former Address, if Changed Since Last Report)
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: | ||||||||||||||
| Title of Each Class | Trading symbol(s) | Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered | ||||||||||||
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).
Emerging growth company ☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Item 2.02. Results of Operations and Financial Condition
On April 27, 2023, Comcast Corporation (“Comcast”) issued a press release reporting the results of its operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The press release is attached hereto as Exhibit 99.1. Exhibit 99.2 sets forth the reasons Comcast believes that presentation of the non-GAAP financial measures contained in the press release provides useful information to investors regarding Comcast's results of operations and financial condition. To the extent material, Exhibit 99.2 also discloses the additional purposes, if any, for which Comcast's management uses these non-GAAP financial measures. A reconciliation of these non-GAAP financial measures with the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures is included in the press release itself. Comcast does not intend for this Item 2.02 or Exhibit 99.1 or Exhibit 99.2 to be treated as "filed" under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or incorporated by reference into its filings under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
Item 9.01. Exhibits
Exhibit Number | Description | |||||||||||||||||||
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document) | |||||||||||||||||||
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
| COMCAST CORPORATION | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Date: | April 27, 2023 | By: | /s/ Daniel C. Murdock | |||||||||||||||||
| Daniel C. Murdock | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Executive Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer and Controller | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (Principal Accounting Officer) | ||||||||||||||||||||
 | PRESS RELEASE | |||||||
COMCAST REPORTS 1st QUARTER 2023 RESULTS
PHILADELPHIA - April 27, 2023… Comcast Corporation (NASDAQ: CMCSA) today reported results for the quarter ended March 31, 2023.
“We delivered strong first quarter results as our team executed exceptionally well," said Brian L. Roberts, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Comcast Corporation. "We grew Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EPS, and generated a significant amount of free cash flow. We accomplished all of this while continuing to invest in future growth initiatives. Also, importantly, we had solid revenue growth in our high-margin connectivity businesses, while increasing our Peacock subscribers more than 60% year-over-year. Our theme parks set a new record of Adjusted EBITDA for a first quarter. In addition, we returned a healthy amount of capital to our shareholders and maintained an enviable balance sheet. As we look ahead, we have great momentum across the company, including Studios where Super Mario Bros. has smashed global box office records to become one of the most successful movies of 2023."
| ($ in millions, except per share data) | |||||||||||||||||
| 1st Quarter | |||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated Results | 2023 | 2022 | Change | ||||||||||||||
| Revenue | $29,691 | $31,010 | (4.3 | %) | |||||||||||||
| Net Income Attributable to Comcast | $3,834 | $3,549 | 8.0 | % | |||||||||||||
Adjusted Net Income1 | $3,877 | $3,900 | (0.6 | %) | |||||||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA2 | $9,415 | $9,150 | 2.9 | % | |||||||||||||
Earnings per Share3 | $0.91 | $0.78 | 16.7 | % | |||||||||||||
Adjusted Earnings per Share1 | $0.92 | $0.86 | 7.0 | % | |||||||||||||
| Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities | $7,228 | $7,257 | (0.4 | %) | |||||||||||||
Free Cash Flow4 | $3,800 | $4,760 | (20.2 | %) | |||||||||||||
For additional detail on segment revenue and expenses, customer metrics, capital expenditures, and free cash flow, please refer to the trending schedule on Comcast’s Investor Relations website at www.cmcsa.com.
1st Quarter 2023 Highlights:
•Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA Increased 2.9% to $9.4 Billion; Adjusted EPS Increased 7.0% to $0.92; Generated Free Cash Flow of $3.8 Billion
•Returned $3.2 Billion to Shareholders Through a Combination of $1.2 Billion in Dividend Payments and $2.0 Billion in Share Repurchases
•Connectivity & Platforms Adjusted EBITDA Increased 3.2% to $8.1 Billion, Driven by Growth in Residential Connectivity Revenue and Business Services Connectivity Revenue and Lower Operating Expenses. Excluding the Impact of Foreign Currency, Connectivity & Platforms Adjusted EBITDA Increased 3.9% and Adjusted EBITDA Margin Increased 160 Basis Points to 40.2%
•Domestic Broadband Average Rate Per Customer Increased 4.5% and Drove Domestic Broadband Revenue Growth of 4.8% to $6.3 Billion
•Peacock Paid Subscribers in the U.S. Increased More Than 60% Compared to the Prior Year Period to 22 Million. Peacock Revenue Increased 45% to $685 Million
•Theme Parks Adjusted EBITDA Increased 46% to $658 Million. Opened Super Nintendo World at Universal Studios Hollywood in February, in Advance of the Record-Breaking Theatrical Performance of The Super Mario Bros. Movie in April
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Consolidated Financial Results
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Revenue decreased 4.3%, reflecting an unfavorable comparison to the prior year period, which included our broadcasts of the Beijing Olympics and the NFL's Super Bowl. Net Income Attributable to Comcast increased 8.0%. Adjusted Net Income was consistent with the prior year period. Adjusted EBITDA increased 2.9%.
Earnings per Share (EPS) increased 16.7% to $0.91. Adjusted EPS increased 7.0% to $0.92.
Capital Expenditures increased 43.5% to $2.7 billion. Connectivity & Platforms’ capital expenditures increased 29.7% to $2.0 billion, primarily reflecting higher investment in scalable infrastructure and line extensions. Content & Experiences' capital expenditures increased $343 million to $651 million, reflecting increased investment in constructing the Epic Universe theme park in Orlando, which is scheduled to open in 2025.
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities was $7.2 billion. Free Cash Flow was $3.8 billion.
Dividends and Share Repurchases. Comcast paid dividends totaling $1.2 billion and repurchased 52.5 million of its common shares for $2.0 billion, resulting in a total return of capital to shareholders of $3.2 billion.
Connectivity & Platforms
| ($ in millions) | Constant Currency Change7 | |||||||||||||||||||
| 1st Quarter | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 20228 | Change | ||||||||||||||||||
| Connectivity & Platforms Revenue | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential Connectivity & Platforms | $17,869 | $18,340 | (2.6 | %) | (0.7 | %) | ||||||||||||||
| Business Services Connectivity | 2,283 | 2,172 | 5.1 | % | 5.2 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Total Connectivity & Platforms Revenue | $20,153 | $20,512 | (1.8 | %) | (0.1 | %) | ||||||||||||||
| Connectivity & Platforms Adjusted EBITDA | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential Connectivity & Platforms | $6,762 | $6,611 | 2.3 | % | 3.2 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Business Services Connectivity | 1,332 | 1,233 | 8.0 | % | 7.9 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Total Connectivity & Platforms Adjusted EBITDA | $8,093 | $7,844 | 3.2 | % | 3.9 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Connectivity & Platforms Adjusted EBITDA Margin | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential Connectivity & Platforms | 37.8 | % | 36.0 | % | 180 bps | 140 bps | ||||||||||||||
| Business Services Connectivity | 58.3 | % | 56.8 | % | 150 bps | 150 bps | ||||||||||||||
| Total Connectivity & Platforms Adjusted EBITDA Margin | 40.2 | % | 38.2 | % | 200 bps | 160 bps | ||||||||||||||
Change percentages represent year/year growth rates. Change in Adjusted EBITDA margin is presented as year/year basis point changes.
Revenue for Connectivity & Platforms decreased compared to the prior year period. Excluding the impact of foreign currency, revenue was consistent with the prior year period. Adjusted EBITDA increased due to growth in Residential Connectivity & Platforms Adjusted EBITDA and Business Services Connectivity Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA margin increased to 40.2%.
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| (in thousands) | Net Additions / (Losses) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1st Quarter | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1Q23 | 1Q229 | 2023 | 20229 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Customer Relationships | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Domestic Residential Connectivity & Platforms Customer Relationships | 31,826 | 31,993 | (34) | 184 | |||||||||||||||||||
| International Residential Connectivity & Platforms Customer Relationships | 18,051 | 17,908 | 111 | (122) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Business Services Connectivity Customer Relationships | 2,630 | 2,592 | 5 | 19 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total Connectivity & Platforms Customer Relationships | 52,507 | 52,494 | 82 | 81 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Domestic Broadband | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential Customers | 29,815 | 29,836 | 3 | 253 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Business Customers | 2,508 | 2,485 | 2 | 12 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total Domestic Broadband Customers | 32,324 | 32,320 | 5 | 264 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total Domestic Wireless Lines | 5,668 | 4,298 | 355 | 318 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total Domestic Video Customers | 15,528 | 17,664 | (614) | (512) | |||||||||||||||||||
Total Customer Relationships for Connectivity & Platforms increased by 82,000 to 52.5 million. Increases in international residential connectivity & platforms customer relationships and business services connectivity customer relationships were partially offset by a decrease in domestic residential connectivity & platforms customer relationships. Total domestic broadband customer net additions were 5,000, total domestic wireless line net additions were 355,000 and total domestic video customer net losses were 614,000.
Residential Connectivity & Platforms
| ($ in millions) | Constant Currency Change7 | |||||||||||||||||||
| 1st Quarter | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 20228 | Change | ||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Domestic Broadband | $6,343 | $6,050 | 4.8 | % | 4.8 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Domestic Wireless | 858 | 677 | 26.7 | % | 26.7 | % | ||||||||||||||
| International Connectivity | 897 | 840 | 6.8 | % | 17.8 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Total Residential Connectivity | 8,099 | 7,568 | 7.0 | % | 8.1 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Video | 7,382 | 8,002 | (7.7 | %) | (5.5 | %) | ||||||||||||||
| Advertising | 907 | 1,073 | (15.5 | %) | (12.7 | %) | ||||||||||||||
| Other | 1,482 | 1,698 | (12.7 | %) | (10.5 | %) | ||||||||||||||
| Total Revenue | $17,869 | $18,340 | (2.6 | %) | (0.7 | %) | ||||||||||||||
| Operating Expenses | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Programming | $4,600 | $4,884 | (5.8 | %) | (3.8 | %) | ||||||||||||||
| Non-Programming | 6,508 | 6,846 | (4.9 | %) | (2.3 | %) | ||||||||||||||
| Total Operating Expenses | $11,108 | $11,729 | (5.3 | %) | (2.9 | %) | ||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA | $6,762 | $6,611 | 2.3 | % | 3.2 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA Margin | 37.8 | % | 36.0 | % | 180 bps | 140 bps | ||||||||||||||
Change percentages represent year/year growth rates. Change in Adjusted EBITDA margin is presented as year/year basis point changes.
Revenue for Residential Connectivity & Platforms decreased in the first quarter, but was consistent with the prior year period when excluding the impact of foreign currency. Residential connectivity revenue increased, driven by growth in domestic broadband revenue, domestic wireless revenue and international connectivity revenue. Domestic broadband revenue increased primarily due to an increase in average rates. Domestic wireless revenue increased due to an increase in the number of customer lines and device sales. International connectivity revenue increased due to an increase in wireless revenue, reflecting higher sales of devices and wireless services, and an increase in broadband revenue, partially offset by the negative impact of foreign currency. The growth in residential connectivity was offset by a decrease in video revenue, other revenue and advertising revenue. Video revenue decreased due to a
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decline in the number of video customers and the negative impact of foreign currency, partially offset by an increase in average rates. Other revenue decreased primarily due to lower voice revenue, driven by a decline in the number of residential wireline voice customers and the negative impact of foreign currency. Advertising revenue decreased primarily due to overall market weakness, the negative impact of foreign currency and a decline in domestic political advertising.
Adjusted EBITDA for Residential Connectivity & Platforms increased due to lower operating expenses. Programming expenses decreased primarily driven by a decline in the number of domestic video customers and the impact of foreign currency, partially offset by domestic contractual rate increases and an increase in programming expenses for international sports channels. Non-programming expenses decreased primarily due to the impact of foreign currency, lower spending on marketing and promotion, lower technical and support costs and lower fees paid to third-party channels relating to advertising sales. These decreases were partially offset by increased direct product costs associated with our wireless phone service, resulting from increases in device sales and the number of customers receiving the service. Adjusted EBITDA margin increased to 37.8%.
Business Services Connectivity
| ($ in millions) | |||||||||||||||||
| 1st Quarter | |||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 20228 | Change | |||||||||||||||
| Revenue | $2,283 | $2,172 | 5.1 | % | |||||||||||||
| Operating Expenses | 952 | 938 | 1.4 | % | |||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA | $1,332 | $1,233 | 8.0 | % | |||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA Margin | 58.3 | % | 56.8 | % | 150 bps | ||||||||||||
Change percentages represent year/year growth rates. Change in Adjusted EBITDA margin is presented as year/year basis point changes.
Revenue for Business Services Connectivity increased due to an increase in revenue from small business customers, driven by higher average rates, and an increase in revenue from medium-sized and enterprise customers.
Adjusted EBITDA for Business Services Connectivity increased due to higher revenue, partially offset by higher operating expenses. The increase in operating expenses was primarily due to higher direct product costs. Adjusted EBITDA margin increased to 58.3%.
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Content & Experiences
| ($ in millions) | |||||||||||||||||
| 1st Quarter | |||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 20228 | Change | |||||||||||||||
| Content & Experiences Revenue | |||||||||||||||||
| Media | $6,152 | $7,758 | (20.7 | %) | |||||||||||||
Excluding Olympics and Super Bowl5 | 6,152 | 6,276 | (2.0 | %) | |||||||||||||
| Studios | 2,956 | 2,907 | 1.7 | % | |||||||||||||
| Theme Parks | 1,949 | 1,560 | 24.9 | % | |||||||||||||
| Headquarters & Other | 19 | 16 | 16.3 | % | |||||||||||||
| Eliminations | (817) | (901) | 9.4 | % | |||||||||||||
| Total Content & Experiences Revenue | $10,259 | $11,339 | (9.5 | %) | |||||||||||||
| Content & Experiences Adjusted EBITDA | |||||||||||||||||
| Media | $880 | $1,181 | (25.5 | %) | |||||||||||||
| Studios | 277 | 245 | 13.3 | % | |||||||||||||
| Theme Parks | 658 | 451 | 46.0 | % | |||||||||||||
| Headquarters & Other | (232) | (191) | (21.3 | %) | |||||||||||||
| Eliminations | 24 | (62) | NM | ||||||||||||||
| Total Content & Experiences Adjusted EBITDA | $1,607 | $1,623 | (1.0 | %) | |||||||||||||
| NM=comparison not meaningful. | |||||||||||||||||
Revenue for Content & Experiences decreased due to an unfavorable comparison to the prior year period, which included $1.5 billion of incremental revenue from our broadcasts of the Beijing Olympics and the NFL's Super Bowl in the Media segment.
Adjusted EBITDA for Content & Experiences decreased due to lower revenue, which more than offset lower operating expenses. The decrease in operating expenses was primarily due to lower programming and production costs in Media, driven by lower costs associated with our broadcasts of the Beijing Olympics and the NFL's Super Bowl in the prior year period, partially offset by higher costs at Peacock as the service scales.
Media
| ($ in millions) | |||||||||||||||||
| 1st Quarter | |||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 20228 | Change | |||||||||||||||
| Revenue | |||||||||||||||||
| Domestic Advertising | $2,025 | $3,310 | (38.8 | %) | |||||||||||||
Excluding Olympics and Super Bowl5 | 2,025 | 2,156 | (6.1 | %) | |||||||||||||
| Domestic Distribution | 2,709 | 2,938 | (7.8 | %) | |||||||||||||
Excluding Olympics5 | 2,709 | 2,611 | 3.8 | % | |||||||||||||
| International Networks | 1,008 | 995 | 1.3 | % | |||||||||||||
| Other | 410 | 515 | (20.5 | %) | |||||||||||||
| Total Revenue | $6,152 | $7,758 | (20.7 | %) | |||||||||||||
Excluding Olympics and Super Bowl5 | 6,152 | 6,276 | (2.0 | %) | |||||||||||||
| Operating Expenses | 5,272 | 6,577 | (19.8 | %) | |||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA | $880 | $1,181 | (25.5 | %) | |||||||||||||
Revenue for Media decreased primarily due to lower domestic advertising revenue and domestic distribution revenue, reflecting the comparison to the Beijing Olympics and the NFL's Super Bowl in the prior year period. Excluding $1.5 billion of incremental revenue from these events, Media revenue decreased 2.0%. Domestic advertising revenue decreased primarily due to the Beijing Olympics and the NFL's Super Bowl in the prior year period. Excluding the incremental revenue from these events, domestic advertising revenue decreased 6.1%, primarily due to lower revenue at our networks, driven by audience ratings declines, partially offset by an increase in revenue at Peacock. Domestic distribution revenue decreased primarily due to the Beijing Olympics in the prior year period. Excluding the incremental revenue from this event, distribution revenue increased 3.8%, primarily due to higher revenue
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at Peacock, driven by an increase in paid subscribers. Other revenue decreased primarily due to lower content licensing. International networks revenue increased, reflecting an increase in revenue associated with the distribution of sports channels, partially offset by the negative impact of foreign currency.
Adjusted EBITDA for Media decreased due to lower revenue, which more than offset lower operating expenses. The decrease in operating expenses was primarily due to lower programming and production costs, reflecting lower costs associated with our broadcast of the Beijing Olympics and the NFL's Super Bowl in the prior year period, partially offset by higher programming costs at Peacock. Media results in the first quarter include $685 million of revenue and an Adjusted EBITDA6 loss of $704 million related to Peacock, compared to $472 million of revenue and an Adjusted EBITDA6 loss of $456 million in the prior year period.
Studios
| ($ in millions) | |||||||||||||||||
| 1st Quarter | |||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 20228 | Change | |||||||||||||||
| Revenue | |||||||||||||||||
| Content Licensing | $2,344 | $2,429 | (3.5 | %) | |||||||||||||
| Theatrical | 319 | 168 | 90.1 | % | |||||||||||||
| Other | 292 | 310 | (5.6 | %) | |||||||||||||
| Total Revenue | $2,956 | $2,907 | 1.7 | % | |||||||||||||
| Operating Expenses | 2,678 | 2,662 | 0.6 | % | |||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA | $277 | $245 | 13.3 | % | |||||||||||||
Revenue for Studios increased primarily due to higher theatrical revenue, which reflected the successful performance of recent releases, including Puss in Boots: The Last Wish and M3GAN, partially offset by lower content licensing revenue, driven by the timing of when content was made available by our film and television studios.
Adjusted EBITDA for Studios increased due to higher revenue and consistent operating expenses. The consistent operating expenses reflected an increase in marketing and promotion expenses due to higher spending on recent and upcoming theatrical film releases, offset by lower other expenses and lower programming and production expenses, which was primarily due to lower costs associated with content licensing sales.
Theme Parks
| ($ in millions) | |||||||||||||||||
| 1st Quarter | |||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | Change | |||||||||||||||
| Revenue | $1,949 | $1,560 | 24.9 | % | |||||||||||||
| Operating Expenses | 1,291 | 1,109 | 16.4 | % | |||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA | $658 | $451 | 46.0 | % | |||||||||||||
Revenue for Theme Parks increased due to higher revenue at our international theme parks, which were negatively impacted by restrictions due to COVID-19 in the prior year period, and higher revenue at our domestic theme parks, including Universal Studios Hollywood which opened Super Nintendo World during the quarter.
Adjusted EBITDA for Theme Parks increased, reflecting higher revenue, which more than offset higher operating expenses. The increase in operating expenses was due to higher costs associated with increased guest attendance.
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Headquarters & Other
Content & Experiences Headquarters & Other includes overhead, personnel costs and costs associated with corporate initiatives. Headquarters & Other Adjusted EBITDA loss in the first quarter was $232 million.
Eliminations
Amounts represent eliminations of transactions between our Content & Experiences segments, the most significant being content licensing between the Studios and Media segments, which are affected by the timing of recognition of content licenses. Revenue eliminations were consistent with the prior year period and Adjusted EBITDA eliminations were a benefit of $24 million, compared to a loss of $62 million in the prior year period.
Corporate, Other and Eliminations
| ($ in millions) | |||||||||||||||||
| 1st Quarter | |||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 20228 | Change | |||||||||||||||
| Corporate & Other | |||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | $707 | $713 | (0.9 | %) | |||||||||||||
| Operating Expenses | 995 | 948 | 5.0 | % | |||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA | ($288) | ($235) | (22.9 | %) | |||||||||||||
| Eliminations | |||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | ($1,427) | ($1,554) | (8.2 | %) | |||||||||||||
| Operating Expenses | (1,430) | (1,472) | (2.8 | %) | |||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA | $3 | ($82) | NM | ||||||||||||||
| NM=comparison not meaningful. | |||||||||||||||||
Corporate & Other
Corporate & Other primarily includes overhead and personnel costs; Sky operations outside of the Connectivity & Platforms markets; Comcast Spectacor, which owns the Philadelphia Flyers and the Wells Fargo Center arena in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and Xumo, our consolidated streaming platform joint venture beginning in June 2022. Revenue for Corporate and Other was consistent with the prior year period.
Adjusted EBITDA loss for Corporate & Other increased, reflecting consistent revenue and higher operating expenses. Operating expenses increased primarily due to costs related to Xumo.
Eliminations
Amounts represent eliminations of transactions between Connectivity & Platforms, Content & Experiences and other businesses, the most significant being distribution of television network programming between the Media and Residential Connectivity & Platforms segments. Revenue eliminations were $1.4 billion, compared to $1.6 billion in the prior year period, and Adjusted EBITDA eliminations were $3 million compared to a loss of $82 million in the prior year period.
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| Notes: | ||||||||||||||
1We define Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS as net income attributable to Comcast Corporation and diluted earnings per common share attributable to Comcast Corporation shareholders, respectively, adjusted to exclude the effects of the amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets, investments that investors may want to evaluate separately (such as based on fair value) and the impact of certain events, gains, losses or other charges that affect period-over-period comparisons. See Table 5 for reconciliations of non-GAAP financial measures.
2We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income attributable to Comcast Corporation before net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests, income tax expense, investment and other income (loss), net, interest expense, depreciation and amortization expense, and other operating gains and losses (such as impairment charges related to fixed and intangible assets and gains or losses on the sale of long-lived assets), if any. From time to time, we may exclude from Adjusted EBITDA the impact of certain events, gains, losses or other charges (such as significant legal settlements) that affect the period-to-period comparability of our operating performance. See Table 4 for reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measure.
3All earnings per share amounts are presented on a diluted basis.
4We define Free Cash Flow as net cash provided by operating activities (as stated in our Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows) reduced by capital expenditures and cash paid for intangible assets. From time to time, we may exclude from Free Cash Flow the impact of certain cash receipts or payments (such as significant legal settlements) that affect period-to-period comparability. Cash payments related to certain capital or intangible assets, such as the construction of Universal Beijing Resort, are presented separately in our Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows and are therefore excluded from capital expenditures and cash paid for intangible assets for Free Cash Flow. See Table 4 for reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measure.
5From time to time, we may present adjusted information (e.g., Adjusted Revenues) to exclude the impact of certain events, gains, losses or other charges affecting period-to-period comparability of our operating performance. See Table 7 for reconciliations of non-GAAP financial measures.
6Adjusted EBITDA is the measure of profit or loss for our segments. From time to time, we may present Adjusted EBITDA for components of our reportable segments, such as Peacock. We believe these measures are useful to evaluate our financial results and provide a basis of comparison to others, although our definition of Adjusted EBITDA may not be directly comparable to similar measures used by other companies. Adjusted EBITDA for components are generally presented on a consistent basis with the respective segments and include direct revenue and operating costs and expenses attributed to the component operations.
7Constant currency growth rates are calculated by comparing the results for each comparable prior year period adjusted to reflect the average exchange rates from each current period presented, rather than the actual exchange rates that were in effect during the respective periods. See Table 6 for reconciliations of non-GAAP financial measures.
8Beginning in the first quarter of 2023, we changed our presentation of segment operating results around our two primary businesses, Connectivity & Platforms and Content & Experiences. We have updated certain historical information as a result of these changes, including: (1) presentation of Cable Communications results in the Residential Connectivity & Platforms and Business Services Connectivity segments and (2) presentation of Sky's results across the Connectivity & Platforms and Content & Entertainment segments, and Corporate & Other.
9Customer metrics for 2022 have been updated to reflect the new segment presentation, and to align methodologies for counting business customer metrics to: (1) include locations receiving our services outside of our distribution system and (2) now count certain customers based on the number of locations receiving services, including arrangements whereby third parties provide connectivity services leveraging our distribution system. These changes in methodology were not material to any period presented. Previously reported total Sky customer relationships of approximately 23 million as of December 31, 2022 also included approximately 5 million customer relationships outside of the Connectivity & Platforms markets.
Numerical information is presented on a rounded basis using actual amounts. Minor differences in totals and percentage calculations may exist due to rounding.
8
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Conference Call and Other Information
Comcast Corporation will host a conference call with the financial community today, April 27, 2023 at 8:30 a.m. Eastern Time (ET). The conference call and related materials will be broadcast live and posted on our Investor Relations website at www.cmcsa.com. Those parties interested in participating via telephone should dial (646) 828-8195 with the passcode 398279. A replay of the call will be available starting at 11:30 a.m. ET on Thursday, April 27, 2023 on the Investor Relations website.
From time to time, we post information that may be of interest to investors on our website at www.cmcsa.com and on our corporate website, www.comcastcorporation.com. To automatically receive Comcast financial news by email, please visit www.cmcsa.com and subscribe to email alerts.
###
| Investor Contacts: | Press Contacts: | |||||||||||||
| Marci Ryvicker | (215) 286-4781 | Jennifer Khoury | (215) 286-7408 | |||||||||||
| Jane Kearns | (215) 286-4794 | John Demming | (215) 286-8011 | |||||||||||
| Marc Kaplan | (215) 286-6527 | |||||||||||||
###
Caution Concerning Forward-Looking Statements
This press release includes statements that may constitute forward-looking statements. In evaluating these statements, readers should consider various factors, including the risks and uncertainties we describe in the “Risk Factors” sections of our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, our most recent Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and other reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from these forward-looking statements include changes in and/or risks associated with: the competitive environment; consumer behavior; the advertising market; programming costs; consumer acceptance of our content; key distribution and/or licensing agreements; use and protection of our intellectual property; our reliance on third-party hardware, software and operational support; keeping pace with technological developments; cyber attacks, security breaches or technology disruptions; weak economic conditions; acquisitions and strategic initiatives; operating businesses internationally; natural disasters, severe weather-related and other uncontrollable events; loss of key personnel; laws and regulations; adverse decisions in litigation or governmental investigations; labor disputes; and other risks described from time to time in reports and other documents we file with the SEC. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date they are made, and involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual events or our actual results to differ materially from those expressed in any such forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements, whether because of new information, future events or otherwise. The amount and timing of any dividends and share repurchases are subject to business, economic and other relevant factors.
###
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
In this discussion, we sometimes refer to financial measures that are not presented according to generally accepted accounting principles in the U.S. (GAAP). Certain of these measures are considered “non-GAAP financial measures” under the SEC regulations; those rules require the supplemental explanations and reconciliations that are in Comcast’s Form 8-K (Quarterly Earnings Release) furnished to the SEC.
###
About Comcast Corporation
Comcast Corporation (Nasdaq: CMCSA) is a global media and technology company. From the connectivity and platforms we provide, to the content and experiences we create, our businesses reach hundreds of millions of customers, viewers, and guests worldwide. We deliver world-class broadband, wireless, and video through Xfinity, Comcast Business, and Sky; produce, distribute, and stream leading entertainment, sports, and news through brands including NBC, Telemundo, Universal, Peacock, and Sky; and bring incredible theme parks and attractions to life through Universal Destinations & Experiences. Visit www.comcastcorporation.com for more information.
9
 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| TABLE 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income (Unaudited) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||
| (in millions, except per share data) | March 31, | ||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Revenue | $29,691 | $31,010 | |||||||||
| Costs and expenses | |||||||||||
| Programming and production | 9,004 | 10,570 | |||||||||
| Marketing and promotion | 1,963 | 2,062 | |||||||||
| Other operating and administrative | 9,301 | 9,260 | |||||||||
| Depreciation | 2,264 | 2,213 | |||||||||
| Amortization | 1,513 | 1,335 | |||||||||
| 24,045 | 25,440 | ||||||||||
| Operating income | 5,646 | 5,569 | |||||||||
| Interest expense | (1,010) | (993) | |||||||||
| Investment and other income (loss), net | |||||||||||
| Equity in net income (losses) of investees, net | 485 | 133 | |||||||||
| Realized and unrealized gains (losses) on equity securities, net | (6) | 117 | |||||||||
| Other income (loss), net | 128 | (62) | |||||||||
| 607 | 188 | ||||||||||
| Income before income taxes | 5,243 | 4,764 | |||||||||
| Income tax expense | (1,476) | (1,288) | |||||||||
| Net income | 3,767 | 3,476 | |||||||||
| Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests | (67) | (73) | |||||||||
| Net income attributable to Comcast Corporation | $3,834 | $3,549 | |||||||||
| Diluted earnings per common share attributable to Comcast Corporation shareholders | $0.91 | $0.78 | |||||||||
| Diluted weighted-average number of common shares | 4,227 | 4,558 | |||||||||
10
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| TABLE 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows (Unaudited) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||
| (in millions) | March 31, | ||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| OPERATING ACTIVITIES | |||||||||||
| Net income | $3,767 | $3,476 | |||||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | |||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 3,777 | 3,548 | |||||||||
| Share-based compensation | 359 | 376 | |||||||||
| Noncash interest expense (income), net | 78 | 93 | |||||||||
| Net (gain) loss on investment activity and other | (517) | (113) | |||||||||
| Deferred income taxes | 82 | 106 | |||||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions and divestitures: | |||||||||||
| Current and noncurrent receivables, net | 363 | (527) | |||||||||
| Film and television costs, net | 13 | 363 | |||||||||
| Accounts payable and accrued expenses related to trade creditors | (651) | 314 | |||||||||
| Other operating assets and liabilities | (43) | (379) | |||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | 7,228 | 7,257 | |||||||||
| INVESTING ACTIVITIES | |||||||||||
| Capital expenditures | (2,664) | (1,856) | |||||||||
| Cash paid for intangible assets | (765) | (641) | |||||||||
| Construction of Universal Beijing Resort | (87) | (147) | |||||||||
| Proceeds from sales of businesses and investments | 343 | 69 | |||||||||
| Purchases of investments | (149) | (66) | |||||||||
| Other | (48) | 44 | |||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | (3,370) | (2,597) | |||||||||
| FINANCING ACTIVITIES | |||||||||||
| Proceeds from (repayments of) short-term borrowings, net | (660) | — | |||||||||
| Proceeds from borrowings | 1,059 | 117 | |||||||||
| Repurchases and repayments of debt | (49) | (104) | |||||||||
| Repurchases of common stock under repurchase program and employee plans | (2,176) | (3,223) | |||||||||
| Dividends paid | (1,174) | (1,166) | |||||||||
| Other | (82) | (114) | |||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | (3,082) | (4,490) | |||||||||
| Impact of foreign currency on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | 20 | (35) | |||||||||
| Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | 796 | 135 | |||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period | 4,782 | 8,778 | |||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period | $5,577 | $8,914 | |||||||||
11
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| TABLE 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet (Unaudited) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | March 31, | December 31, | |||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| ASSETS | |||||||||||
| Current Assets | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $5,535 | $4,749 | |||||||||
| Receivables, net | 12,287 | 12,672 | |||||||||
| Other current assets | 4,555 | 4,406 | |||||||||
| Total current assets | 22,377 | 21,826 | |||||||||
| Film and television costs | 12,612 | 12,560 | |||||||||
| Investments | 7,834 | 7,250 | |||||||||
| Investment securing collateralized obligation | 464 | 490 | |||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | 56,279 | 55,485 | |||||||||
| Goodwill | 58,960 | 58,494 | |||||||||
| Franchise rights | 59,365 | 59,365 | |||||||||
| Other intangible assets, net | 29,004 | 29,308 | |||||||||
| Other noncurrent assets, net | 12,535 | 12,497 | |||||||||
| $259,429 | $257,275 | ||||||||||
| LIABILITIES AND EQUITY | |||||||||||
| Current Liabilities | |||||||||||
| Accounts payable and accrued expenses related to trade creditors | $12,159 | $12,544 | |||||||||
| Accrued participations and residuals | 1,641 | 1,770 | |||||||||
| Deferred revenue | 2,663 | 2,380 | |||||||||
| Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | 9,648 | 9,450 | |||||||||
| Current portion of long-term debt | 1,130 | 1,743 | |||||||||
| Collateralized obligation | 5,173 | — | |||||||||
| Total current liabilities | 32,415 | 27,887 | |||||||||
| Long-term debt, less current portion | 94,403 | 93,068 | |||||||||
| Collateralized obligation | — | 5,172 | |||||||||
| Deferred income taxes | 28,804 | 28,714 | |||||||||
| Other noncurrent liabilities | 20,353 | 20,395 | |||||||||
| Redeemable noncontrolling interests | 422 | 411 | |||||||||
| Equity | |||||||||||
| Comcast Corporation shareholders' equity | 82,421 | 80,943 | |||||||||
| Noncontrolling interests | 612 | 684 | |||||||||
| Total equity | 83,033 | 81,627 | |||||||||
| $259,429 | $257,275 | ||||||||||
12
| |||||||||||
| TABLE 4 | |||||||||||
| Reconciliation from Net Income Attributable to Comcast Corporation to Adjusted EBITDA (Unaudited) | |||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2023 | 2022 | |||||||||
| Net income attributable to Comcast Corporation | $3,834 | $3,549 | |||||||||
| Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests | (67) | (73) | |||||||||
| Income tax expense | 1,476 | 1,288 | |||||||||
| Interest expense | 1,010 | 993 | |||||||||
| Investment and other (income) loss, net | (607) | (188) | |||||||||
| Depreciation | 2,264 | 2,213 | |||||||||
| Amortization | 1,513 | 1,335 | |||||||||
Adjustments (1) | (8) | 33 | |||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA | $9,415 | $9,150 | |||||||||
| Reconciliation from Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities to Free Cash Flow (Unaudited) | ||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | $7,228 | $7,257 | ||||||||||||
| Capital expenditures | (2,664) | (1,856) | ||||||||||||
| Cash paid for capitalized software and other intangible assets | (765) | (641) | ||||||||||||
| Free Cash Flow | $3,800 | $4,760 | ||||||||||||
| Alternate Presentation of Free Cash Flow (Unaudited) | ||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA | $9,415 | $9,150 | ||||||||||||
| Capital expenditures | (2,664) | (1,856) | ||||||||||||
| Cash paid for capitalized software and other intangible assets | (765) | (641) | ||||||||||||
| Cash interest expense | (766) | (747) | ||||||||||||
| Cash taxes | (148) | (90) | ||||||||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities | (1,731) | (1,475) | ||||||||||||
| Noncash share-based compensation | 359 | 376 | ||||||||||||
Other (2) | 99 | 42 | ||||||||||||
| Free Cash Flow | $3,800 | $4,760 | ||||||||||||
| (1) | 1st quarter 2023 and 2022 Adjusted EBITDA excludes $(8) million and $33 million of other operating and administrative expenses, respectively, related to our investment portfolio. | |||||||||||||
| (2) | 1st quarter 2023 and 2022 include decreases of $(8) million and $33 million, respectively, of costs related to our investment portfolio as these amounts are excluded from Adjusted EBITDA. | |||||||||||||
13
| |||||||||||||||||||||||
| TABLE 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reconciliations of Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS (Unaudited) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions, except per share data) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | EPS | $ | EPS | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to Comcast Corporation and diluted earnings per share attributable to Comcast Corporation shareholders | $3,834 | $0.91 | $3,549 | $0.78 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Change | 8.0 | % | 16.7 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets (1) | 431 | 0.10 | 481 | 0.11 | |||||||||||||||||||
Investments (2) | (389) | (0.09) | (130) | (0.03) | |||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted Net income and Adjusted EPS | $3,877 | $0.92 | $3,900 | $0.86 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Change | (0.6 | %) | 7.0 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
(1)Acquisition-related intangible assets are recognized as a result of the application of Accounting Standards Codification Topic 805, Business Combinations (such as customer relationships), and their amortization is significantly affected by the size and timing of our acquisitions. Amortization of intangible assets not resulting from business combinations (such as software and acquired intellectual property rights used in our theme parks) is included in Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS.
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets before income taxes | $556 | $592 | |||||||||
| Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets, net of tax | $431 | $481 | |||||||||
(2)Adjustments for investments include realized and unrealized (gains) losses on equity securities, net (as stated in Table 1), as well as the equity in net (income) losses of investees, net, for certain equity method investments, including Atairos and Hulu and costs related to our investment portfolio.
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Realized and unrealized (gains) losses on equity securities, net | $6 | ($117) | |||||||||
| Equity in net (income) losses of investees, net and other | (521) | (55) | |||||||||
| Investments before income taxes | (515) | (172) | |||||||||
| Investments, net of tax | ($389) | ($130) | |||||||||
14
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| TABLE 6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reconciliation of Constant Currency (Unaudited) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 | |||||||||||||||||
| (in millions, except per customer data) | As Reported | Effects of Foreign Currency | Constant Currency Amounts | ||||||||||||||
| Reconciliation of Connectivity & Platforms Constant Currency | |||||||||||||||||
| Connectivity & Platforms Revenue | |||||||||||||||||
| Residential Connectivity & Platforms | $18,340 | ($347) | $17,993 | ||||||||||||||
| Business Services Connectivity | 2,172 | (1) | 2,171 | ||||||||||||||
| Total Connectivity & Platforms Revenue | $20,512 | ($349) | $20,163 | ||||||||||||||
| Connectivity and Platforms Adjusted EBITDA | |||||||||||||||||
| Residential Connectivity & Platforms | $6,611 | ($58) | $6,553 | ||||||||||||||
| Business Services Connectivity | 1,233 | 1 | 1,234 | ||||||||||||||
| Total Connectivity & Platforms Adjusted EBITDA | $7,844 | ($57) | $7,787 | ||||||||||||||
| Connectivity & Platforms Adjusted EBITDA Margin | |||||||||||||||||
| Residential Connectivity & Platforms | 36.0 | % | 40 bps | 36.4 | % | ||||||||||||
| Business Services Connectivity | 56.8 | % | — | 56.8 | % | ||||||||||||
| Total Connectivity & Platforms Adjusted EBITDA Margin | 38.2 | % | 40 bps | 38.6 | % | ||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 | |||||||||||||||||
| (in millions, except per customer data) | As Reported | Effects of Foreign Currency | Constant Currency Amounts | ||||||||||||||
| Reconciliation of Residential Connectivity & Platforms Constant Currency | |||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | |||||||||||||||||
| Domestic broadband | $6,050 | $— | $6,050 | ||||||||||||||
| Domestic wireless | 677 | — | 677 | ||||||||||||||
| International connectivity | 840 | (78) | 762 | ||||||||||||||
| Total residential connectivity | $7,568 | ($78) | $7,489 | ||||||||||||||
| Video | 8,002 | (191) | 7,811 | ||||||||||||||
| Advertising | 1,073 | (35) | 1,038 | ||||||||||||||
| Other | 1,698 | (43) | 1,655 | ||||||||||||||
| Total Revenue | $18,340 | ($347) | $17,993 | ||||||||||||||
| Operating Expenses | |||||||||||||||||
| Programming | $4,884 | ($103) | $4,781 | ||||||||||||||
| Non-Programming | 6,846 | (187) | 6,659 | ||||||||||||||
| Total Operating Expenses | $11,729 | ($289) | $11,440 | ||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA | $6,611 | ($58) | $6,553 | ||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA Margin | 36.0 | % | 40 bps | 36.4 | % | ||||||||||||
15
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| TABLE 7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reconciliation of Media Revenue Excluding Olympics and 2022 Super Bowl (Unaudited) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2023 | 2022 | Growth % | ||||||||||||||
| Revenue | $6,152 | $7,758 | (20.7 | %) | |||||||||||||
| Beijing Olympics | — | 963 | |||||||||||||||
| 2022 Super Bowl | — | 519 | |||||||||||||||
| Revenue excluding Olympics and 2022 Super Bowl | $6,152 | $6,276 | (2.0 | %) | |||||||||||||
16
Exhibit 99.2
Exhibit 99.2 - Explanation of Non-GAAP and Other Financial Measures
This Exhibit 99.2 to the accompanying Current Report on Form 8-K for Comcast Corporation (“we”, “us” or “our”) sets forth the reasons we believe that presentation of financial measures not in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (GAAP) contained in the earnings press release filed as Exhibit 99.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K provides useful information to investors regarding our results of operations and financial condition. To the extent material, this Exhibit also discloses the additional purposes, if any, for which our management uses these non-GAAP financial measures. Reconciliations between these non-GAAP financial measures and their most directly comparable GAAP financial measures are included in the earnings press release itself. Non-GAAP financial information should be considered in addition to, but not as a substitute for, operating income, net income, net income attributable to Comcast Corporation, earnings per common share attributable to Comcast Corporation shareholders, net cash provided by operating activities or other measures of performance or liquidity reported in accordance with GAAP.
Adjusted EBITDA
Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure and is the primary basis used to measure the operational strength and performance of our businesses as well as to assist in the evaluation of underlying trends in our businesses. This measure eliminates the significant level of noncash depreciation and amortization expense that results from the capital-intensive nature of certain of our businesses and from intangible assets recognized in business combinations. It is also unaffected by our capital and tax structures, and by our investment activities, including the results of entities that we do not consolidate, as our management excludes these results when evaluating our operating performance. Our management and Board of Directors use this financial measure to evaluate our consolidated operating performance and the operating performance of our operating segments and to allocate resources and capital to our operating segments. It is also a significant performance measure in our annual incentive compensation programs. Additionally, we believe that Adjusted EBITDA is useful to investors because it is one of the bases for comparing our operating performance with that of other companies in our industries, although our measure of Adjusted EBITDA may not be directly comparable to similar measures used by other companies.
We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income attributable to Comcast Corporation before net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests, income tax expense, investment and other income (loss), net, interest expense, depreciation and amortization expense, and other operating gains and losses (such as impairment charges related to fixed and intangible assets and gains or losses on the sale of long-lived assets), if any. From time to time, we may exclude from Adjusted EBITDA the impact of certain events, gains, losses or other charges (such as significant legal settlements) that affect the period-to-period comparability of our operating performance.
We also use Adjusted EBITDA as the measure of profit or loss for our segments. Our measure of Adjusted EBITDA for our segments is not a non-GAAP financial measure under rules promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS
Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS are non-GAAP financial measures presenting the earnings generated by our ongoing operations that we believe is useful to investors in making meaningful comparisons to other companies, although these measures may not be directly comparable to similar measures used by other companies, and period-over-period comparisons. Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS are defined as net income attributable to Comcast Corporation and diluted earnings per common share attributable to Comcast Corporation shareholders, respectively, adjusted to exclude the effects of the amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets, investments that investors may want to evaluate separately (such as based on fair value) and the impact of certain events, gains, losses or other charges that affect period-over-period comparisons. Acquisition-related intangible assets are recognized as a result of the application of Accounting Standards Codification Topic (“ASC”) 805, Business Combinations (such as customer relationships), and their amortization is significantly affected by the size and timing of our acquisitions. Amortization of intangible assets not resulting from business combinations (such as software and acquired intellectual property rights used in our theme parks) is included in Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EPS. Investments that investors may want to evaluate separately include all equity securities accounted for under ASC Topic 321, Investments-Equity Securities, as well as certain investments accounted for under ASC 323, Investments-Equity Method and Joint Ventures.
Exhibit 99.2 - Explanation of Non-GAAP and Other Financial Measures, cont’d
Free Cash Flow
Free Cash Flow is a non-GAAP financial measure that we believe provides a meaningful measure of liquidity and a useful basis for assessing our ability to repay debt, make strategic acquisitions and investments, and return capital to investors through stock repurchases and dividends. It is also a significant performance measure in our annual incentive compensation programs. Additionally, we believe Free Cash Flow is useful to investors as a basis for comparing our performance and coverage ratios with other companies in our industries, although our measure of Free Cash Flow may not be directly comparable to similar measures used by other companies. Free Cash Flow has certain limitations, including that it does not represent the residual cash flow available for discretionary expenditures since other non-discretionary payments, such as mandatory debt repayments, are not deducted from the measure.
Free Cash Flow is defined as net cash provided by operating activities (as stated in our Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows) reduced by capital expenditures and cash paid for intangible assets. From time to time, we may exclude from Free Cash Flow the impact of certain cash receipts or payments (such as significant legal settlements) that affect period-to-period comparability. Cash payments related to certain capital or intangible assets, such as the construction of Universal Beijing Resort, are presented separately in our Statement of Cash Flows and are therefore excluded from capital expenditures and cash paid for intangible assets for Free Cash Flow.
Constant Currency
Constant currency and constant currency growth rates are non-GAAP financial measures that present our results of operations excluding the estimated effects of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. Certain of our businesses, including Connectivity & Platforms, have operations outside the United States that are conducted in local currencies. As a result, the comparability of the financial results reported in U.S. dollars is affected by changes in foreign currency exchange rates. In our Connectivity & Platforms business, we use constant currency and constant currency growth rates to evaluate the underlying performance of the businesses, and we believe they are helpful for investors because such measures present operating results on a comparable basis year over year to evaluate their underlying performance.
Constant currency and constant currency growth rates are calculated by comparing the results for each comparable prior year period adjusted to reflect the average exchange rates from each current year period presented, rather than the actual exchange rates that were in effect during the respective periods.
Other Adjustments
We also present adjusted information (e.g., Adjusted Revenues), to exclude the impact of certain events, gains, losses or other charges. This adjusted information is a non-GAAP financial measure. We believe, among other things, that the adjusted information may help investors evaluate our ongoing operations and can assist in making meaningful period-over-period comparisons.
Pro Forma Information
Pro forma information is used by management to evaluate performance when certain acquisitions or dispositions occur. Historical information reflects results of acquired businesses only after the acquisition dates while pro forma information enhances comparability of financial information between periods by adjusting the information as if the acquisitions or dispositions occurred at the beginning of a preceding year. Our pro forma information is adjusted for the timing of acquisitions or dispositions, the effects of acquisition accounting and the elimination of costs and expenses directly related to the transaction, but does not include adjustments for costs related to integration activities, cost savings or synergies that have been or may be achieved by the combined businesses. Pro forma information is not a non-GAAP financial measure under Securities and Exchange Commission rules. Our pro forma information is not necessarily indicative of future results or what our results would have been had the acquired businesses been operated by us during the pro forma period.